Venom

A seminal influence on the evolution of thrash and black metal, (Venom) formed during the late 1970s in Newcastle, England. Originally a five-piece group called Oberon, they eventually trimmed their line-up to a trio comprising singer/bassist Conrad "Cronos" Lant, guitarist Jeff "Mantas" Dunn and drummer Tony "Abaddon" Bray. Influenced by the heavy intensity of Motorhead and the visual flash of Kiss, the newly-rechristened Venom developed a dark, blistering sound which paved the way for the subsequent rise of thrash music; similarly, their macabre, proudly satanic image proved a major inspiration for the legions of black metal bands to appear in their wake, even lending the genre its name with the release of their 1982 sophomore LP Black Metal. (Their debut Welcome to Hell preceded it by a year.)

Venom's third album At War with Satan followed in 1984, and a year later they released Possessed. Line-up changes plagued the group in the years to follow, with Mantas exiting in the wake of 1985's live Eine Kleine Nachtmusik; guitarists Matt Hickey and Jimmy Clare were tapped as his replacements, making their debut on 1987's Calm Before the Storm. Cronos then quit as well, however, mounting a solo career and taking both Hickey and Clare with him as he left; at that point Mantas rejoined Abaddon to form a new edition of Venom with onetime Atomkraft vocalist/bassist Tony "The Demolition Risk" Dolan and guitarist Al Barnes. The new line-up made its bow on 1989's Prime Evil; Tear Your Soul Apart appeared a year later.

After 1991's Temples of Ice, Barnes quit Venom; his absence was filled by guitarist Steve "War Maniac" White, who along with keyboardist V.X.S. was recruited in time for 1992's The Waste Lands before both quickly exited. The trio of Mantas, Abaddon and Dolan continued touring throughout the middle years of the decade, although no more new studio recordings were forthcoming; finally, in 1996 Cronos returned to the Venom fold, making way for Dolan's departure. The original line-up's return to action was heralded by the release of the mini-album Venom '96, followed in 1997 by the full-length Made in Stone. After a world tour, Venom issued the two-disc New, Live and Rare in mid-1998. Buried Alive appeared a year later, and in the spring of 2000 the group returned with The Court of Death.